scaffold access requirements
Access Requirements Stairtowers (Scaffold Stairway/Towers) Stairtowers must be positioned so their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level. When a guardrail system is used, the guardrail height must be increased in height equal to the height of the stilts. Must have a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(1)] Load carrying timber members should be a minimum of 1,500 lb-f/in2 construction grade lumber. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)], Shore and lean-to scaffolds are strictly prohibited. This includes ladders, boxes, and barrels. Guardrail systems installed to meet the requirements of this section shall comply with the following provisions (guardrail systems built in accordance with Appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet the requirements of paragraphs (g)(4)(vii), (viii), and (ix) of this section): Guardrail systems shall be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms. Each platform greater than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 18 inches (46 cm), unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. NOTE: As of January 1, 1998, subpart M of this part provides that body belts are not acceptable as part of a personal fall arrest system. Each end of a platform 10 feet or less in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platform is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees and/or materials without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows: Scaffolds shall not be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines than as follows: Exception to paragraph (f)(6): Scaffolds and materials may be closer to power lines than specified above where such clearance is necessary for performance of work, and only after the utility company, or electrical system operator, has been notified of the need to work closer and the utility company, or electrical system operator, has deenergized the lines, relocated the lines, or installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. Scaffolds (Staging). Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. The top-rail of each stair-rail must also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. High Quality Steel WebScaffolding Access Requirements 9 out of 10 based on 159 ratings. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(17)], Welding can be done from suspended scaffolds when, No materials or devices may be used to increase the working height on a suspension scaffold. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. Each scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. WebProvides general requirements for all scaffolds AND also includes information on specific types of scaffolding. Personal fall-arrest systems include harnesses, components of the harness/belt such as D-rings, and snap hooks, lifelines, and anchorage points. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a) of this section. insulated protective covers cover the hoist. The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. Kinks that might impair the tracking or wrapping of rope around the drum(s) or sheave(s). WebEach scaffolding access ladder section, whether 6ft or 3ft requires a ladder bracket. What are the requirements for access to scaffolds? When can personal fall-arrest systems be used when working on scaffolding and aerial lifts? Where there is a danger of tools, materials, or equipment falling from a scaffold and striking employees below, the following provisions apply: The area below the scaffold to which objects can fall shall be barricaded, and employees shall not be permitted to enter the hazard area; or. [, When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on single-point or two-point adjustable scaffolds, the scaffold must have additional independent support lines equal in number and strength to the suspension lines and have automatic locking devices. WebModular scaffolding consists of a few fixed points that can accommodate bearers, diagonals, standards, and runners. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes. Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(2)], Also, employees are prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery materials - except to remove these substances. Scaffolds shall not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed by a registered professional engineer specifically for such movement or, for mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 1926.452(w) are followed. What types of scaffolds does the standard prohibit? [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iii) and 29 CFR 1926.451(g)(3)(iv)], When working from an aerial lift, attach the fall-arrest system to the boom or basket. Must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high. Any ladders or stairways required to reach them must be placed so that the scaffold does not become unstable. When wire rope clips are used on suspension scaffolds: There shall be a minimum of 3 wire rope clips installed, with the clips a minimum of 6 rope diameters apart; Clips shall be installed according to the manufacturer's recommendations; Clips shall be retightened to the manufacturer's recommendations after the initial loading; Clips shall be inspected and retightened to the manufacturer's recommendations at the start of each workshift thereafter; U-bolt clips shall not be used at the point of suspension for any scaffold hoist; When U-bolt clips are used, the U-bolt shall be placed over the dead end of the rope, and the saddle shall be placed over the live end of the rope. [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(2)], The standard requires employers to protect each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level from falling to that lower level. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(13)], Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. To ensure stability for fall protection, scaffolds can be supported by: legs, [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(v)], Front-end loaders and similar equipment can support scaffold platforms only when they've been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. The inboard ends of suspension scaffold outrigger beams shall be stabilized by bolts or other direct connections to the floor or roof deck, or they shall have their inboard ends stabilized by counterweights, except masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffold outrigger beams shall not be stabilized by counterweights. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(10)], Suspension ropes must be shielded from heat-producing processes. Gears and brakes of power-operated hoists used on suspension scaffolds shall be enclosed. Planking or Decking [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. WebScaffold design. What materials can be used to increase the working level height of employees on supported scaffolds? WebA scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Must have a stair-rail, consisting of a top-rail and a mid-rail, on each side. this Section and Section 24.B. Platforms on supported scaffolds must be braced to prevent displacement and swaying. Must be at least 18 inches wide between stair-rails, and have a landing platform at least 18 inches wide by at least 18 inches long at each level. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect a scaffold's structural integrity. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c)]. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches. A safe point of access should be present during erection and dismantling operations. When midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform. Scaffolds shall be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person qualified in scaffold erection, moving, dismantling or alteration. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Worker Deaths by Falls: A Summary of Surveillance Findings and Investigative Case Reports, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(ii)], Counterweights must be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. Single tiebacks installed at an angle are prohibited. In addition, employees must wear hard hats. At least three and one-half inches (9 cm) high from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking/working surface. Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Personal fall-arrest system, or a guardrail system, or a inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board, Both a personal fall-arrest system and a guardrail system, Single-point and two-point suspension scaffolds, Personal fall-arrest system or guardrail system, Personal fall-arrest system or guardrail systems that meet the required criteria, Scaffolding : General Requirements for Scaffolds, When the front end of all platforms are less than 14 inches (36 cm) from the face of the work. Scaffold [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, and equivalent structural members of a guardrail system shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along the midrail or other member of at least 75 pounds (333 n) for guardrail systems with a minimum 100 pound toprail capacity, and at least 150 pounds (666 n) for guardrail systems with a minimum 200 pound toprail capacity. 22.A.03 Prior to commencing any activity that requires work in elevated areas, all provisions for access and fall protection shall be delineated in the Site-Specific Fall Tiebacks shall be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. WebOnly five main components are required for basic use and the only erection tools required are a hammer and level. Where do tiebacks for outrigger beams, cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices need to be secured? The scaffolding standard prohibits the The following chart illustrated the type of fall protection required for specific scaffolds. "Access." An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. However, where the employer can demonstrate that it is not possible to place an outrigger beam perpendicular to the face of the building or structure because of obstructions that cannot be moved, the outrigger beam may be placed at some other angle, provided opposing angle tiebacks are used. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)]Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. Each platform on all working levels of scaffolds shall be fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports as follows: Each platform unit (e.g., scaffold plank, fabricated plank, fabricated deck, or fabricated platform) shall be installed so that the space between adjacent units and the space between the platform and the uprights is no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide, except where the employer can demonstrate that a wider space is necessary (for example, to fit around uprights when side brackets are used to extend the width of the platform). SCAFFOLDING IN NEW ZEALAND KEY POINTS: Duty holders have responsibilities under the Health and Safety at Work Act Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result Horizontal lifelines shall not be attached only to the suspension ropes. Steps and rungs of ladder and stairway type access shall line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. What materials are unacceptable for guardrails? Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope with the scaffold operating at either the rated load of the hoist, or 2 (minimum) times the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. Must have a slope of no more than 1 vertical to 3 horizontal degrees (20 degrees above the horizontal). Must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms. In these situations, only the planking that the employer establishes is necessary to provide safe working conditions is required. [. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs. When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. 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